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Lesson 12B continues working on Fernanda's monologue from 12A. You practise:
. sentence stress
. the first conditional, so, such and too
13 Shadow read the text. Make sure you stress the blue words. Try to reduce the rest to the same speed as Fernanda.
I've never been abroad and I haven't seen much of Brazil either. It's such a big country! I haven't been to the North of Brazil. I've seen lots of pictures of the beautiful beaches in the north east. When I get the time, and I've saved enough money, I'll visit Fortaleza and spend some time in Bahia. I haven't visited the South of Brazil either. Maybe one day, who knows?
I've been to Sao Paulo, but only once. We went to a wedding there a couple of years ago. Thiago's best friend was marrying a woman twelve years older than him! We stayed there for four days. We'd like to go back and spend more time in Sao Paulo. It was an amazing city. I've never seen so many restaurants and bars. It was so big and a bit confusing, but we only got lost once. Apart from that, I've only been to Minas Gerais where I spent twelve years as a child. We lived in Uberlandia. It was lovely.
Professional Tip
Sentence stress
. These words are usually stressed: nouns, adjectives, adverbs, question words, main verbs, demonstrative pronouns.
. These words are usually unstressed: prepositions, auxiliary verbs, articles, pronouns, relative pronouns, possessive adjectives, common conjunctions, one (as "in the red one").
But, of course, speakers can stress any word to help the listener understand, e.g.
He gave me a book. (usual stress), or
A: Did you give him a book? B No, He gave me a book. (the stress has changed to clarify the meaning).
. These words are usually stressed: nouns, adjectives, adverbs, question words, main verbs, demonstrative pronouns.
. These words are usually unstressed: prepositions, auxiliary verbs, articles, pronouns, relative pronouns, possessive adjectives, common conjunctions, one (as "in the red one").
But, of course, speakers can stress any word to help the listener understand, e.g.
He gave me a book. (usual stress), or
A: Did you give him a book? B No, He gave me a book. (the stress has changed to clarify the meaning).
14 How would you explain the difference between these two sentences to your students?
1. Fernanda: When I get time, I'll visit Fortaleza.
2. Anna: When I get time, I visit Fortaleza.
15 Study the sentences and answer the questions.
1. If I go to Rio, I'll call you. (or I'll call you if I go to Rio).
2. When I eat too much bread, I feel really fat.
3. When I don't have my car, I travel by bus.
4. If he doesn't call me, I'll be annoyed. (or I'll be annoyed if he doesn't call me.)
5. If you come to Rio, will you call her? (or Will you call her if you come to Rio?)
6. Do you travel by bus when you don't have your car?
1. Why do some of the sentences have commas? What's the rule?
2. Which sentences contain facts?
3. Which sentences have situations that are likely but not factual?
16 Complete with the first or zero conditional. Use these verbs.
| be find not go have want talk go |
Lucia and I are really good friends. If she ____a problem, she always _____ to me. We know each other so well. It _______great to spend more time together when we ____to Petropolis next January. Thiago likes her boyfriend Luis too, so we _____ a lot of fun. We probably ______around together all the time. If Lucia and Luis _____some space, I'm sure Thiago and I _______things to do. It's the first time we've been on holiday together. If we enjoy it, we _____ more holidays together in the future. I hope so!
17 Read and complete the rule for so and such.
I've never seen so many restaurants and bars.
It's such a big city and so exciting.
There's such a lot to do there.
A night out costs so much money.
She's talking so quickly I can't understand her.
So goes before an ______without a _____and before an______.
So also goes before _____and _______.
Such goes before an ______with a_______.
Such also goes before __________.
18 Practice. Fill the gaps with so, such or too.
1. Thiago is _____ a kind man.
2. His arms are ____ big.
3. He's so clever ______.
4. I feel ______ a fool sometimes when I'm with him.
5. We have ______ much fun when we are together.
19 Match the words and definitions.
a cruise a flight a journey a tour a trip a voyage
1. to travel by plane.
2. to travel from one place to another by car, by bus, by train etc.
3. to travel by ship for pleasure and stop at different places.
4. to travel by ship to a place that's a very long distance.
5. to travel for pleasure and visit different places (it's often organised).
6. to travel for a short time to a place and return (often on business or on holiday)
20 Complete the sentences. Listen and check.
1. He went on a business ______ to Sao Paulo last week.
2. My ________ to work takes about forty-five minutes.
3. The ________ from Congonhas delayed.
4. They've been on a ________ around the Mediterranean.
5. When we were in Brasilia we had a guided ______ of the city.
6. She felt seasick on the long ________ to the Antartic.
7. They ______ round the country for six months.
21 Update your Portfolio. Talk about your own travel experiences. Record your answers to these questions onto your Portfolio cassette.
1. Which interesting places have you/your partner been to?
2. Who did you go with?
3. How long did you spend there?
4. What was special about the place?
5. Would you like to go back again?
6. Which places will you go to if/when you have the time and money.
Time for a break!
à go to Unit 12 C