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5A. 1
1 F 2 F. (Usually the -ed ending is just a consonant sound /d/ or /t/, not another syllable)
3 T 4 T 5 F 6 F
5A. 2
Study Tip
A more formal wording of this for those of you who prefer it.
Rules: for all verbs apart from the verb be
In affirmative statements we use the past form (regular or irregular) of the verb. There is no third person form - all forms of the past simple are the same.
In negative sentences we use the auxiliary verb do in the past (did).
In questions we use did in the place of do.
In affirmative statements we use the past form (regular or irregular) of the verb. There is no third person form - all forms of the past simple are the same.
In negative sentences we use the auxiliary verb do in the past (did).
In questions we use did in the place of do.
5A. 3
1. She's a teacher.
2. English
3. She started helping her neighbours with their homework.
4. She gave private classes.
5. Yes, they are.
5A. 4
Because it's in my blood I suppose. I can't really remember why I decided to teach but it wasn't to become rich! My mother's a teacher and is very positive about teaching. When Ricardo and I were young she told us stories about the children in her classes. I loved hearing about them. I think she influenced me. English was my favourite subject at school too. It was probably because I really liked the teacher. She taught me for about five years and so I learnt English quickly.
I began teaching English when I was at secondary school. I started helping my neighbours with their homework and suddenly I became a teacher. At university, I gave private classes to earn some money. Then I took the exams to be a state school teacher. They were really difficult but I passed, thank God! My mother and father are very proud of me. My mother says I was born to teach!
5A. 5
 |
 |
 |
| buried | influenced | decided |
| called | liked | started |
| died | noticed | |
| loved | passed |
5A. 6
Examples: typed, asked, sniffed, laughed, missed, faxed, noticed, washed and watched
5A. 7
I hate it. (Present) I hated it. (Past) I played football on Wednesday. (Past)
We enjoyed it. (Past) We always enjoy it. (Present) Did you win? (Past) Who did you play against? (Past) What position do you play? (Present).
5A. 8
be - wasn't/were/was
tell - told
teach - taught
learn - learnt
begin - began
become - became
give - gave
take - took
Study Tip
All the irregular verbs in this course are listed in Vocabulary Builder 20.
5A. 9
|
|
|
Irregular |
| opened | picked | completed | stood |
| turned | asked | got | |
| listened | worked | went | |
| underlined | stopped | came | |
| circled | crossed | drew | |
| covered | matched | wrote | |
| marked | |||
| ticked | |||
| looked |
5A. 10
Opened a lot, turned a lot, listened a lot, underlined a lot, circled a lot, covered a lot, picked a lot, asked a lot, worked a lot, stopped a lot, crossed a lot, matched a lot, marked a lot, ticked a lot, looked a lot, completed a lot, stood a lot, got a lot, went a lot, came a lot, drew a lot, wrote a lot.
5B. 12
Because_it's_in my blood_I suppose. I can't really remember why I decided to teach but_it wasn't to become rich! My mother's_a teacher_and_is very positive_about teaching. When Ricardo_and_I were young she told_us stories_about the children_in her classes. I loved hearing_about them. I think she influenced me. English was my favourite subject_at school too. It was probably because_I really liked the teacher. She taught me for_about five years_and so I learnt_English quickly.
I began teaching_English when_I was_at secondary school. I started helping my neighbours with their homework_and suddenly I became_a teacher. At university, I gave private classes to_earn some money. Then_I took the_exams to be_a state school teacher. They were really difficult but_I passed, thank God! My mother_and father_are very proud_of me. My mother says_I was born to teach!
For linking rules, see Unit 2B, #18.
5B. 15
1. Because it's in her blood.
2. Because of her mother's influence.
3. She liked her English teacher at school and learned quickly.
4. To earn extra money at university.
5B. 16
Because I believe teaching is a very important profession.
For/ Because of the holidays.
To work with children.
For/ Because of the money.
Because I didn't know what else to do.
To pay the rent.
Because English was my best subject at school.
To get a regular salary.
Because I love teaching.
Because it was the only good job I could get.
To help people in my community.
To be a civil servant.
Because of somebody's influence.
Because it's in my blood.
5B.18
When who and what are subjects, we make questions without the auxiliary do.
5B. 19
1. Who won the world cup?
2. What did Eutalia want?
3. Who sang 'Like a virgin'?
4. What made that noise?
5B. 20
Rules
We use the -ing form (gerund) of a verb:
- after prepositions (about, in, etc.)
- after verbs of emotion (like, love, etc) and certain other verbs (begin, start, etc.)
- as a subject (Teaching isn't easy)
See Unit 1B for how to form verb à ing
We use the -ing form (gerund) of a verb:
- after prepositions (about, in, etc.)
- after verbs of emotion (like, love, etc) and certain other verbs (begin, start, etc.)
- as a subject (Teaching isn't easy)
See Unit 1B for how to form verb à ing
5B. 21
Example answers
1. My students are interested in studying more grammar rules.
2. Smoking is bad for your health.
3. I love lying on the sofa and watching films.
4. I really don't like getting up early.
5C. 1
call (a taxi) J
buy (a newspaper) C
cook (a meal) I
dance (salsa) K
do housework R
drink (some water) O
eat (a banana) E
find (some money) T
give someone (a present) S
have (a sandwich) for lunch A
hear (a noise) F
look for (your keys) N
meet (a friend) M
paint (a picture) G
ride (a bike) P
run (a race) H
see (a film) B
smoke (a cigarette) Q
swim (a hundred metres) L
take (a photo) D
Irregular verbs
Buy, do, drink, eat, find, give, have, meet, ride, run, see, swim, take, drive, get, go.
5C. 2
1. called (a taxi)
2. bought (a newspaper) Irregular
3. cooked (a meal)
4. danced (salsa)
5. did (housework) Irregular
6. drank (some water) Irregular
7. ate (a banana) Irregular
8. found (some money) Irregular
9. gave someone (a present) Irregular
10.had (a sandwich) for lunch Irregular
11. heard (a noise) Irregular
12. looked for (your keys)
13. met (a friend) Irregular
14. painted (a picture)
15. rode (a bike) Irregular
16. ran (a race) Irregular
17. saw (a film) Irregular
18. smoked (a cigarette)
19. swam (a hundred metres) Irregular
20. took (a photo) Irregular
5C. 3
drive (to work/home) Irregular C
get a degree (in computing) Irregular E
go to (school/university/work) Irregular A
pass/fail an exam H
study (economics) at university J
travel to work (by bus) B
use (a computer) G
wait for (a bus) D
walk (home/to work) I
work in (an office) F
5C. 5
2 saw 3 got 4 drew 5 found 6 taught 7 told
5C. 6
He's buying a newspaper.
She's calling a taxi.
He's cooking a meal.
They're dancing salsa.
She's doing housework.
She's drinking some water.
He's eating a banana.
She's finding some money.
He's giving her a present.
She's having a sandwich for lunch.
She's hearing (a noise) F
She's looking for her keys.
He's meeting a friend on Saturday.
She's painting a picture.
She's riding a bike.
They're running a race.
She's seeing the doctor.
He's smoking (a cigarette).
She's swimming (a hundred metres).
She's taking a photo.
5D. 1
1. The man needs to fill in a form but he doesn't have a pen.
2. He's from London in England.
3. He arrived in Brazil this morning.
4. He doesn't know anybody at the conference.
5. He's feeling a bit tired.
6. He and Fernanda decide to go for a coffee.
5D. 2
F: Er, how do I register for the conference?
Conference Official: You have/need to fill in this form. Here you are.
F: Thanks. Er, can I borrow a pen, please?
Conference Official: Sure, there/here you go.
Rob: Er. Excuse me. I don't speak Portuguese. What does CEP mean?
F: It means post code. Where are you from?
R: I'm British, Er, from England. I'm from London. Your English is very good.
F: Thanks. My name's Fernanda by the way.
R: I'm Rob. Nice to meet you.
F: You too. Do you know anyone/anybody here?
R: No I don't, it's my first time in Brazil. I only/just (US) arrived this morning.
F: Wow. Welcome to Brazil! I hope you like/enjoy it.
R: Thanks. I'm sure I will. Er, look, I'm a bit tired. Can I buy/get (US) you a coffee?
F: Yes, that's a good/ nice idea. But let's hand in/ give in our forms first.
5D.3
Example answers
2. That's very kind of you. / Do you think so? I wish I could speak better.
3. Of course. Here you are. / Sure. There you go.
4. Nice to meet you too. / The pleasure's mine.
5. Yes, I've got lots of friends there. / No, I've never been abroad.
6. Yes, please. I'm starving. / Thanks but I've already eaten.
5D.4
1. Hear about a conference.
2. Get more details.
3. Fill in an application form.
4. Be accepted.
5. Find some accommodation.
6. Arrive at the conference.
7. Fill in a registration form.
8. Attend the conference.
9. Re-read your notes after the conference.
10. Share some of the ideas with your colleagues at work.
5E. 1
1. I took the exams.
2. Did you eat rice and beans for lunch?
3. I swam 100 meters this morning.
4. He didn't study Economics, he studied French.
5. My husband drove to Florianopolis last week.
6. What did you have for lunch?
7. We didn't have any time.
8. I love having feijoada on Sundays.
9. My daughter didn't phone me this week.
10. What did you do last night?
11. How many students were in your class today?
12. I corrected all of the sentences.
5E. 2
1. Describe your education and employment history.
2. Regular and irregular verbs in the Past tense.
3. Which is the correct form?
4. Which comes first the subject, the verb or the object?
5. I don't remember why I decided to become a teacher.
6. There are positive and negative points to being a teacher.
7. She influenced me.
8. I'll probably correct their homework in class.
9. My daughter is at secondary school.
10. This exercise is really difficult.
5E. 3
1. She told stories about her childhood.
2. They studied there for three years.
3. I have sugar in/with my coffee.
4. Come and pick me up from/at the hotel.
5. I'll wait for you outside/ in front of/opposite your apartment.
6. Let's meet at/before/after 8 o'clock.
7. I'm really proud of my daughter.
5E. 4
| 1. I can't remember why I decided to do it. | Eu não me lembro o porque que eu decidi fazer isso. |
| 2. My mother's a teacher. | Minha mãe é professora. |
| 3. English was my favourite subject at school. | Inglês era minha matéria preferida na escola. |
| 4. Really liked the teacher. | Eu gostava da professora de verdade. |
| 5. I gave private classes to earn some money. | Eu dei aulas particulares para ganhar algum dinheiro. |
| 6. I took the exams to be a state school teacher. | Eu fiz os testes para ser professor do Estado. |
| 7. My parents are very proud of me. | Meus pais se orgulham muito de mim. |
| 8. How do I register for the conference? | Como eu me inscrevo para a conferência? |
| 9. Here you are. | Aqui está. |
| 10. Can I borrow a pen, please? | Posso emprestar uma caneta, por favor? |
| 11. Sure, there you go. | Claro, aqui está. |
| 12. What does CEP mean? | O que significa CEP? |
| 13. Where are you from? | De onde você é? |
| 14. I'm British. | Eu sou inglês. |
| 15. Nice to meet you. | Prazer em conhecê-lo. |
| 16. Do you know anyone here? | Você conhece alguém aqui? |
| 17. Can I buy you a coffee? | Posso lhe pagar um café? |
| 18. That's a nice idea. | Esta é uma boa idéia! |
| 19. Let's hand in our forms first. | Primeiro, vamos entregar nossos formulários. |
5E. 5
1. Why did you do it?
2. What does your mother do?
3. What was your favourite subject at school?
4. What did you think of the teacher?
à go to Unit 6 A