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In 6A you listen to Fernanda talking about her work. You practice:
. what's (X) like? plus adjectives
. syllables, word stress and the sounds /v/ and /f/
. have to and had to
1 Complete the two opposites to each adjective. Use the letters and stress patterns as a clue. Mono-syllabic words have no stress marked. Listen and check.| Adjective | Opposites |
| o O o relaxing |
O o stressful or tense |
| O easy |
O o o di_ _ _ _ _ _ _ t or ha_ _ |
| O o o leisurely |
O o o O o hec_ _ _ or cha_ _ _ c- |
| O o o dangerous |
o O sa_ _ or se_ _ _ _ |
| slow | fa_ _ or q_ _ _ _ k |
| O o o similar |
O o O o di_ _ _ _ _ _ t or va_ _ _ d |
| o O o o o invigorating |
O o o O o ti_ _ _ g or ex_ _ _ _ _ _ _ g |
| O o o punishing |
o O o o O o rew_ _ _ _ _ g or ful_ _ _ _ _ _ g |
Professional Tip
. Large and small blobs are a good way to show stress and provide clues for guessing exercises, like these.
. Try to teach (and remember!) synonyms and antonyms together.
. Try to teach (and remember!) synonyms and antonyms together.
2 Choose three of the adjectives to describe your own job.
3 Which three adjectives do you think Fernanda chose to describe her job? Listen, check and answer the questions.1. How many teaching jobs does Fernanda have?
2. Does she teach at weekends?
3. What does she like best about teaching?
4 Can you remember what these numbers refer to? Listen again and check.1. two or three .; 2. up to four 3. about fifty 4. more than thirty
5 Read and complete with the correct form of the verbs have or have to, present or past. Listen and check.
Well, the best three adjectives I can think of are hectic and tiring - but also very rewarding. I get extremely tired because I _______work the whole day. A teacher's life isn't easy in Brazil. We usually ______two or three jobs. One salary isn't enough, so I work in three different places. Two of them are state schools, the other a private language school. I _________rush from one school to another, so I don't get any time to relax. It's better now I can drive and ________a small car, but it was really difficult when I _______go everywhere by bus. I was travelling for up to four hours a day, sitting on buses, preparing my lessons and marking homework. I'm lucky because Thiago _______a good job, so we don't _______work at weekends.
At Nossa Senhora school I teach four or five classes a day and each class is about 50 minutes long. There are more than 30 students in a class, so it's hard, but I love it. Then four evenings a week I teach adults which is very different but fun too. What I love about teaching is the interaction. I learn with my students.
6 Complete the chart with have/has or had
Have to/has to/had to
Meaning: Something is/was necessary: you have/had no choice.
+ Fernanda gets very tired because she ___ to work the whole day.
- She doesn't ___ to get a bus any more.
? Does she ___ to work from Monday to Friday? Yes, (she does).
? Do they ___ to work at weekends too? No, (they don't).
? Did she ___ to study at weekends when she was a student?
Yes, (she did). She ___ to study a lot. / No, (she didn't)
Meaning: Something is/was necessary: you have/had no choice.
+ Fernanda gets very tired because she ___ to work the whole day.
- She doesn't ___ to get a bus any more.
? Does she ___ to work from Monday to Friday? Yes, (she does).
? Do they ___ to work at weekends too? No, (they don't).
? Did she ___ to study at weekends when she was a student?
Yes, (she did). She ___ to study a lot. / No, (she didn't)
7 Pronunciation. a Listen and underline the sound you hear /v/ or /f/. Then underline the correct rule.
Q: Have you got a car? /v/ or /f/
A: Yes, I have. /v/ or /f/
Q: And, do you have to go now? /v/ or /f/
A: Yes, I have to be home in an hour. /v/ or /f/
Q: Why do you have to go? /v/ or /f/
A: I don't have to tell you everything, do I? /v/ or /f/
b Listen and repeat these sounds.f f f v v v f f f v v v f f f v v v
c Put your fingers in your ears and do it again. What difference can you hear?
f f f v v v f f f v v v f f f v v v
d Repeat the words then answer the questions.
| /f/ | /v/ |
| life | very |
| difficult | private |
| fifty | evenings |
| have to | travelling |
| enough | drive |
| different | everywhere |
| photo | of |
Think about:
. Your breath
Do you use more breath with /v/ or /f/?
. Your throat
Feel the muscles. Is your voice turned on or off with /v/ and /f/?
. Your teeth and lips
Where do you put your teeth and lips to make the sounds /v/ and /f/?
Professional tip
. For pronunciation, show students where to place their teeth, tongue and lips for different sounds.
. With /v/ and /f/, the vowel sound before /f/ is shorter than the vowel sounds before /v/,e.g. leaf and leave. So, if you or your students find this hard tell them to lengthen the vowel sound before /v/, e.g. leeeev!
. With /v/ and /f/, the vowel sound before /f/ is shorter than the vowel sounds before /v/,e.g. leaf and leave. So, if you or your students find this hard tell them to lengthen the vowel sound before /v/, e.g. leeeev!
e Listen and repeat these tongue twisters three times quickly. 1. Seventy seven benevolent elephants.
2. Four furious friends fought for the phone.
3. Five fat friars frying flat fish.
8 What's your job like? For each phrase write a sentence using 'have to' or 'don't have to'.
Example: I have to rush around all day from Monday to Friday. I never stop.
1. rush
2. get up early
3. travel by bus
4. do a lot of preparation
5. write reports
6. mark homework
7. teach five classes a day
8. meet parents
9. make lots of photocopies
10. carry a lot of books around
9 Think of some ways to complete these sentences. Give extra information too.
1. When I was a child, I had to __________________________________
2. When I was a child, I didn't have to ________________________________
Example: When I was a child, I had to wear a uniform at school. I hated it.
10 Update your Portfolio. Record your answers to #8 and #9 onto your Portfolio cassette.
Time for a break!
à go to Unit 6 B